How Pool Chemicals Can Affect Your Lungs More Than You Think

A backyard or community pool can be a refreshing escape, but the chemicals that keep the water clean may also affect your breathing. Chlorine and other sanitizing agents are essential for preventing bacteria and algae growth, yet their improper use or overexposure can irritate the respiratory system. For people with asthma, allergies, or other lung conditions, understanding how pool air quality works is an important part of staying healthy.

The Science Behind Pool Air Irritation

Chlorine itself is not the main cause of lung irritation. The problem often comes from chloramines, which form when chlorine reacts with sweat, urine, skin oils, and other organic materials in the water. These compounds rise into the air and can accumulate just above the pool’s surface. When inhaled, chloramines can inflame the lining of the respiratory tract, leading to coughing, wheezing, or a burning sensation in the throat and nose.

Indoor pools tend to have higher chloramine concentrations due to limited ventilation. Without proper airflow, these gases linger, increasing the risk of respiratory symptoms for both swimmers and employees. Children and frequent swimmers are particularly vulnerable because they spend more time with their faces near the water’s surface where chloramine levels are highest.

Long-Term Exposure and Lung Health

Repeated exposure to pool chemicals may contribute to chronic respiratory problems in sensitive individuals. Studies have linked heavy swimming activity in poorly ventilated facilities to increased rates of asthma-like symptoms. While casual swimmers usually experience only mild irritation, professional athletes and pool workers are more likely to develop persistent coughing or airway inflammation.

Even disinfectants used to clean pool decks and equipment can contribute to poor air quality if used excessively. Strong fumes from cleaning products may mix with chloramines, further irritating the lungs. Proper ventilation and regular air quality checks are essential in minimizing these combined effects.

Prevention Through Maintenance and Design

Maintaining chemical balance in the water is key to reducing harmful byproducts. Pool owners should test chlorine and pH levels frequently and encourage proper swimmer hygiene, such as showering before entering the pool. For indoor facilities, improving ventilation and installing dehumidification systems can dramatically reduce airborne chemical levels. Simple design details, like sealed piping systems and properly fitted Schedule 40 PVC caps, can also help prevent leaks and chemical off-gassing in pool infrastructure.

Protecting Swimmers and Staff

Swimmers who experience respiratory irritation should take breaks, move to fresh air, and report strong chlorine odors to maintenance staff. Operators can protect themselves by wearing protective gear when handling concentrated chemicals and ensuring all containers are clearly labeled and properly stored.

Pool chemicals are indispensable for sanitation, but managing their side effects is just as important for health. Balancing water chemistry, ensuring good airflow, and maintaining clean facilities allow swimmers to breathe easier while enjoying a safer and more comfortable environment. Check out the infographic below to learn more.