Frailty-Based Remote Monitoring in Older Adults With Heart Failure: Conceptual Framework for Adaptive Digital Health Strategies

Remote monitoring is increasingly used in heart failure care, but most programs rely on uniform models that insufficiently reflect the heterogeneity of older adults, particularly with respect to frailty, cognitive impairment, functional dependency, and caregiver availability. This viewpoint argues that frailty should be considered a central determinant of remote monitoring design in older adults with heart failure, rather than a secondary modifier of conventional digital health pathways.