Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): Antimicrobial Stewardship

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in healthcare refers to the responsible use of antimicrobial agents, such as antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals, to optimize clinical outcomes and minimize the development of antimicrobial resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health concern, as it can lead to prolonged illness, increased healthcare costs, and increased mortality. AMS programs aim to reduce the development and spread of AMR by promoting the appropriate use of antimicrobial agents, including prescribing them only when they are needed, selecting the most appropriate agent, and using the right dose for the right duration.

AMS programs can include a variety of interventions, such as:

Education and training: Providing education to healthcare providers on the appropriate use of antimicrobial agents and the risks associated with AMR.

Auditing and feedback: Regularly reviewing prescribing practices and providing feedback to providers on areas where they could improve.

Clinical decision support: Providing real-time guidance to providers at the point of care to help them make informed prescribing decisions.

Use of guidelines and protocols: Establishing guidelines and protocols for the appropriate use of antimicrobial agents to guide prescribing practices.

Active surveillance: Monitoring for the emergence of resistance in the patient population and adjusting prescribing practices accordingly.

De-escalation of therapy: Implementing processes to review and stop unnecessary antibiotics use.

AMS programs can help to improve patient outcomes and reduce the development of AMR. They are an essential component of infection control and public health strategies, and are increasingly being adopted by healthcare organizations worldwide.